禪定

(zh) chan is (sa) dhyāna, probably a transliteration; (zh) ding is an interpretation of (sa) samādhi. (zh) chan is an element in (zh) ding, or (sa) samādhi, which covers the whole ground of meditation, concentration, abstraction, reaching to the ultimate beyond emotion or thinking; cf. 禪, for which the two words (zh) chan-(zh) ding are loosely used.